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References

Base Data:

  • García-Enguídanos A, Calle ME, Valero J, Luna S, Domínguez-Rojas V. Risk factors in miscarriage: a review. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2002 May 10;102(2):111-9. doi: 10.1016/s0301-2115(01)00613-3. PMID: 11950476.

Endometriosis:

  • Santulli P, et al. Increased rate of spontaneous miscarriages in endometriosis-affected women. Hum Reprod. 2016 May;31(5):1014-23.
  • Huang Y, et al. Miscarriage on Endometriosis and Adenomyosis in Women by Assisted Reproductive Technology or with Spontaneous Conception: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Biomed Res Int. 2020 Dec 8;2020:4381346.
  • Gallagher, J. (2015) Endometriosis 'risks miscarriage', BBC News.
  • Pietro Santulli, et al. Increased rate of spontaneous miscarriages in endometriosis-affected women, Human Reproduction, Volume 31, Issue 5, May 2016, Pages 1014–1023.

Smoking:

DNA Fragmentation:

  • Haddock, Lesley et al. Sperm DNA fragmentation is a novel biomarker for early pregnancy loss. Reproductive BioMedicine Online, Volume 42, Issue 1, 175 - 184

Thyroid Dysfunction:

  • Taylor PN et al. TSH levels and risk of miscarriage in women on long-term levothyroxine: a community-based study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. July 24, 2014 [Epub ahead of print].

PCOS:

  • staff, H. (2023) CAN PCOS increase your risk of miscarriage?, HealthMatch.